There is a growing preference for minimally invasive surgeries (MIS) over traditional surgeries. The fact that these surgeries are much advanced and are associated with lesser pain, bleeding, and recovery time, drives the preference for MIS among patients and doctors. However, due to the involvement of advanced technology and the requirement of extensive training of the surgeons, it can be challenging in terms of affordability and frequency.
MIS is relatively new although its roots date back to 1800. It came into practice only in the 1930s to 40s. Its growth has been exponential since the introduction of the popular laparoscopic surgery in the late 1980s. The market of MIS is likely to exhibit a CAGR of 6.73% during 2022-27.
Here in this article, we have brought you a comprehensive idea about what a minimally invasive surgery is and what are its types, pros and cons, and other aspects like recovery and costs involved if one prefers to go for it. Let’s dive in.
To understand what is a minimally invasive surgery one must understand what an invasive procedure is. An invasive procedure or surgical invasion means deliberate access to the body through a cut or small incisions, puncture, or insertion into an opening or skin using an instrument.
Minimally invasive surgery or procedure as the name goes means doing such an invasive procedure with minimum surgical intervention, less pain, shorter hospital stays, and lesser complications. Some examples are laparoscopic surgery or robotic surgery. It is a surgical technique that makes use of tools, equipment, lights and cameras, and even robots at times to make cuts and incisions during surgical operations. In both these cases, the surgeries are done through small incisions and not through large open abdominal incisions causing less trouble and trauma to the patients.
MIS can be done on different parts of the body depending on the treatment required. Some of the types are:
- Interventional gastroenterological procedures like ERCP endoscopy, colonoscopy, third space endoscopy, or NBI imaging endoscopy. This group of procedures is used to identify and diagnose digestive diseases and conditions and use natural openings of the body such as the mouth or rectum.
- Gastro surgeries are done to treat diseases of the stomach, intestines, and other parts of the body involved in digestion. Some of these surgeries are minimally invasive laparoscopic, appendectomy, gall bladder surgeries, biliary surgeries, pancreatic surgeries, bowel surgeries, etc.
- MIS is done for rectal and pelvic malignancies like anorectal surgery, fistula, haemorrhoids, fissure, etc.
- Uncomplicated laparoscopic surgeries like transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair and extraperitoneal (TEP) repair are done for inguinal hernia repair.
- Minimally invasive bariatric surgery like gastric banding is less invasive than gastric sleeve or gastric bypass surgery. These procedures are done for weight management.
MIS is comparatively a more modern method of performing surgeries than the traditional way. Some of the common differences between both the methods are as follows:
- In open surgery, a single large incision is done to perform the surgical procedure making the body vulnerable to more infections. On the contrary in MIS, small but multiple incisions are done to perform the same.
- In minimally invasive surgeries the chances of infection are comparatively lesser.
- Due to larger incisions, the recovery time required in open surgery is more compared to minimally invasive surgeries. While in the former there are chances of causing damage to the tissues later, in the latter the chances of tissue damage are comparatively lesser.
These days MIS is preferred due to its various advantages. Some of the pros of MIS are:
Pros of MIS
- Bigger incisions are not required.
- Due to smaller incisions, the chances of trauma on tissues, nerves, organs, and muscles are less.
- Minimal bleeding and less scarring.
- Fast recovery and shorter hospital stay.
- Less stress on the body and the immune system.
- Less postoperative pain.
Note
- MIS required highly trained medical professionals and high-end equipment to perform the same.
The best part about MIS is the faster recovery rate. MIS doesn’t need long hospital stays. Patients can get discharged within 1-2 days of the surgery. Also, after the procedure, the maximum time taken to recover is around four to six weeks. Many patients get back to work after 2 to 3 weeks of the procedure.
Minimally invasive surgery has become more common due to its various benefits over traditional surgery. Also, there is rapid development in the field of robotic and endoscopic medical technologies. MIS is less risky as compared to traditional surgical methods due to the smaller incisions required and quick recovery. It is always better to be well aware of all the aspects of MIS and talk to your doctor if you have any doubts.
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